Key words: container mobile room; Low carbon environmental protection; ecological equilibrium; sustainable development
1. Concept of container mobile room
1.1 origin of container mobile room
Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has developed rapidly, and large-scale urbanization construction is under way. This process will last longer. During this period, various fields and industries are in the stage of rapid development. During the construction of a large number of permanent buildings, structures, roads, bridges and transportation facilities, a large number of temporary buildings are needed to support them. In addition, in industries that need field work and open-air work for a long time, in emergency needs, disaster relief, tourism Temporary houses meeting different requirements are required during the peak flow of people on holidays. Therefore, various temporary buildings came into being. With the progress of the times, the improvement of working conditions and the need of building a harmonious society, the state has higher requirements for the safety, applicability and improvement of living conditions of temporary buildings. With the improvement of design and manufacturing level, the safety and comfort of the activity room are gradually improved, the use concept of the activity room has been gradually recognized by the society, and the utilization rate has been greatly improved. At present, the domestic temporary construction industry varies from region to region. The market with the largest demand for movable houses is the construction industry and the temporary buildings on the construction site of urban rail transit, which are used for workers' dormitories, offices, canteens and warehouses. In the past, simple sheds built with small angle steel tents were mostly used in the north, and then improved to II Cement plank house composed of three floors of small angle steel bars and cement slabs; A shed made of bamboo in the South; The multi-purpose container mobile room that needs outdoor operation for a long time.
Therefore, China's temporary housing has maintained a strong market demand for a long time, and this process is expected to last for a long time.
1.2 concept and characteristics of container mobile room
Definition of container mobile house: container mobile house, also known as container house, refers to a simple temporary residence with windows and doors, which is mainly made of containers. It has the advantages of low cost, green and environmental protection. From the perspective of architecture and construction, architecture can be divided into permanent and temporary. Temporary building refers to a structure with solid spatial structure, which can meet different requirements. Overall and partial movement, component adjustment, and easy assembly. The focus of the concept is flexible transformation, loading, unloading and movement, which is convenient for transportation and assembly.
Classification of container mobile houses: container mobile houses can be divided into three categories according to their structural composition. The first category is the container houses transformed from traditional containers, which is the reuse of abandoned second-hand containers. It is characterized by being very strong and can withstand great pressure; The second type is the new welded box type movable house, which is the popular residential container in recent years. Its technology is close to the first type of container container. The technical standard of this kind of container house is lower than that of container container container. It is characterized by convenient transportation, installation and movement, low cost, service life of more than ten years, high return on investment and wide range of use; The third type is the removable box type movable house, which is between the movable board house and the container house. It mainly adopts modular production technology to modularize a container into standard parts, and then assemble on site when it needs to be used, which can speed up the speed of installation and disassembly and reduce the transportation cost.
Characteristics of container mobile room:
(1) Solid and durable, all composed of steel, stable and firm, with good shockproof performance. It has strong deformation resistance; Good sealing performance and strict manufacturing technology make this movable room have good privacy.
(2) Convenient transportation, especially suitable for residences that often change places.
(3) Use the characteristics of personalized creation to develop personalized design transformation. Make it unique and in line with personal pursuit.
(4) Temporary buildings are based on standard steel chassis, which can derive many combination spaces.
(5) Convenient disassembly, superior performance and light weight. The house is an integral structure with a frame inside, and the wall is made of steel plate. It can be decorated with wood board and can be moved as a whole. Its service life can reach more than 20 years.
(6) High quality and low price, reusable.
1.3 application of container movable house in modern urban life
Nowadays, container mobile houses have been widely used in human life. In foreign countries, such as the United States, Britain and the Netherlands, temporary houses have been widely used in private houses, offices, transitional housing and many other fields, and even container mobile house blocks and container cities have appeared, which have been widely recognized and accepted by the public. These include compound, single van, container apartment and container city. In China, although the container mobile house is not without precedent in China. For example, after the Wenchuan earthquake, CIMC donated tens of millions to build a container school, it is still regarded as a new thing and its application field is very narrow. In most cases, the waste second-hand containers are not well utilized. Container mobile house is still a new thing in China, which is not well known to the public and has great development potential. In foreign countries, it has developed mature, advanced concept and widely used. For example, private houses, small art exhibition halls, hotels, bars, etc.
2. Impact of the development of modern urban architecture on the environment
Urbanization is the trend and symbol of modern civilization. With the process of industrialization and the rapid development of economy, China's urban architecture also shows a trend of rapid development. Everything has two sides. The role between urban construction and ecological environment is mutual, and the advantages and disadvantages coexist. We should correctly handle the relationship between them to achieve balanced development.
From the perspective of sociology, urbanization is the process of transforming rural lifestyle into urban lifestyle. Development is not an end, but a means. Its ultimate goal is to improve people's living standards, improve people's quality of life, promote the improvement of people's skills and quality, improve the overall development level of human society, and achieve harmonious development of the relationship between people and between man and nature. The rapid development of urban architecture not only brings great vitality to China's economy, but also brings many difficulties to the urban environment. In recent years, there have been a series of problems in the development of urban architecture in China, such as serious environmental pollution, ecological deterioration, resource shortage and so on.
With the continuous expansion of urban space, the land types with less interference of human activities such as cultivated land, forest land and orchard in the land cover types of urban fringe areas are greatly reduced and replaced by high-density urban land; The impervious area in the central area of the city has increased, and the area of natural green space has decreased. Instead, squares and roads covered with cement and asphalt have been replaced. The increase of impervious area and the decrease of green area have seriously caused the imbalance of urban water environment and atmospheric environment. Some artificial green spaces in the city are scattered, which can not form a scale effect and achieve the purpose of improving the urban environment. In addition, the reduction of urban green area has also had a certain impact on the urban animal habitat, because many insects, birds and birds take the urban vegetation or large green space as their residence, and their existence has brought vitality to the city. However, due to the development of urban buildings, the urban green area has been greatly reduced, which is not conducive to their survival.
In the process of urbanization, urban development has a strong attraction to the surrounding areas. The rural population has flocked to the city and gathered inside the city. The urban population density has increased, which far exceeds the population carrying capacity of the city and causes many environmental problems to the city. With the rapid increase of urban population, the requirements for the area of urban construction land have increased, the urban construction land has expanded rapidly, a large number of cultivated land has been occupied, and the grassland and soil degradation in the urban-rural ecotone are also serious; The amount of domestic waste in cities has increased sharply and housing is tight; In addition, the increase of urban population will also increase the urban water consumption population, increase the pressure of urban water supply and over collection of groundwater, which will lead to the occurrence of seawater backflow, ground deposition and other phenomena.
Contemporary China proposes to take the development path of sustainable and circular economy, so that the economy will not damage the environment in the process of development. However, in the process of developing urban construction, we did not pay attention to the protection of the environment. The improvement of the environment only by the improvement of technology can only have a temporary effect. If there is a lack of environmental awareness, urban environmental problems will occur again and again, and the urban environment will be damaged, eventually leading to the complete collapse of the urban ecosystem.
When solving the environmental problems brought by urban construction and development, it is necessary to take environmental protection planning as the basis of urban economic and social development; Vigorously strengthen environmental science education and establish and cultivate people's ecological values; Improve the level of urban environmental infrastructure; Coordinate urban and rural environmental protection to avoid the unbalanced and uncoordinated situation in which the urban environment is improved while the rural environment is deteriorating. Finally, we should take building a resource-saving and environment-friendly city as our ultimate goal.
Environment and development are inseparable. They are interdependent and closely related. The strategic thought of sustainable development has become the leading thought in the relationship between environment and development. It is widely accepted as a new concept and development path.
